mouse monoclonal IgG2b; ERK 2 Antibody (D-2) is an IgG2b κ mouse monoclonal ERK 2 antibody (also designated ERK 2 antibody or MAPK1 antibody) that detects ERK 2 p42 of mouse, rat and human origin by WB, IP, IF, IHC(P), FCM and ELISA. ERK 2 Antibody (D-2) is available as the non-conjugated anti-ERK 2 antibody form, as well as multiple conjugated forms of anti-ERK 2 antibody, including agarose, HRP, PE, FITC and multiple Alexa Fluor® conjugates. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways involve two closely related MAP kinases, known as extracellular-signal-related kinase 1 (ERK 1, p44) and 2 (ERK 2, p42). Growth factors, steroid hormones, G protein-coupled receptor ligands, and neurotransmitters can initiate MAPK signaling pathways. Activation of ERK1 and ERK2 requires phosphorylation by upstream kinases such as MAP kinase kinase (MEK), MEK kinase and Raf-1. ERK1 and ERK2 phosphorylation can occur at specific tyrosine and threonine sites mapping within consensus motifs that include the Threonine-Glutamate-Tyrosine motif. ERK activation leads to dimerization with other ERKs and subsequent localization to the nucleus. Active ERK dimers phosphorylate serine and threonine residues on nuclear proteins and influence a host of responses that include proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. The human ERK2 gene maps to chromosome 22q11.21 and encodes a 360-amino acid protein.