New research published in the journal Alzheimer’s & Dementia suggests that even light levels of exercise may slow cognitive decline in individuals at risk of Alzheimer’s.
The Phase 3 randomized controlled trial included 296 older adults (ages 65 to 89) who had amnesic mild cognitive impairment, a significant risk factor for developing Alzheimer’s. Participants were randomized to two groups; the first group participated in moderate to high intensity aerobic exercise, while the second group participated in low intensity stretching, balance, and range of motion training. Participants completed their assigned exercise routine for 18 months, with the first 12 months supervised. Their brain health and cognition were assessed at baseline and every 6 months for the duration of the trial.
The results showed that there was no decline in cognition for either group during 12 months of supervised exercise. This was significantly less cognitive decline over 12 months compared to similar individuals who did not participate in the study. Both exercise groups also showed fairly minimal decreases in brain volume during the 12-month study. These results suggest that both low and moderate/high intensity exercise may help slow cognitive decline for people at high risk of developing Alzheimer’s.
The authors noted that the intervention in this study occurred at a critical time for patients, since they are at high risk but have not yet developed dementia. The results suggest that this population may see great benefits from regular exercise, even if that exercise is at a low intensity. This study had some limitations, including the possible confounding effects of participating in the research; the social and intellectual stimulation of participating in the supervised exercise program may have contributed to the stable cognition of the participants. However, regularly participating in exercise is still likely to benefit patients at risk of Alzheimer’s, particularly if they participate in an exercise program or class with a social component.
Sources: Alzheimer’s & Dementia, Science Daily
