The NCI's Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) is a comprehensive genomic characterization initiative to determine the molecular changes that drive the development and progression of certain childhood cancers. TARGET seeks to improve treatment of these cancers through identification of valid molecular targets, in and across each disease, and ultimately lead to the rapid development of novel, more effective therapies. The TARGET projects include primarily high-risk for relapse cases. Most TARGET disease groups also have relapse samples available for study, thereby allowing the determination of changes that occur during the disease progression. To accelerate translation into the clinic, TARGET data is readily available to the research community for further investigation. There are currently around 2,000 TARGET BAM files from next generation platforms currently available to investigators, and additional sequencing files are regularly being submitted to expand the TARGET datasets. All TARGET cases have either whole genome or exome sequencing of matched tumor and normal pairs (relapse sample when available), and transcriptome sequences exist for most TARGET cases as well. In addition, all TARGET cases have clinical annotation, array-based gene expression and copy number data available to researchers, most also have methylation profiles, to allow for a more complete understanding of the molecular basis of these childhood cancers. Some projects have further included miRNA characterization data as well.